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Objective@#To investigate the effect of cervical eccentric training on neck function of college students, and to provide basis for cervical spondylosis prevention.@*Methods@#Fifty two students from a medical college in Shanxi Province were recruited. Participants were divided into the neck eccentric training intervention group and the control group according to the random number table method, after stratified by sex. The intervention group received training for 25 min each time, 3 times a week for 6 weeks, and the control group received neck health education. Neck circumference, strength, range of motion, endurance and head and neck posture were measured before and after intervention.@*Results@#The interaction of strength anterior flexion, extension left fiexion and right flexion was significant( F=34.25, 55.96, 56.49, 37.13, P <0.05). After 6 weeks, the strength of the intervention group was anterior flexion(65.37±18.64)N, extension(87.61±21.38)N, left flexion(55.80±12.04)N, right flexion(55.87±11.83)N. After 6 weeks, the strength of the control group were (45.69±9.25), (53.34±9.45), (41.60±6.96) and(42.20±9.92)N, which were significantly lower compared to the intervention group( t =4.82, 7.48, 5.21, 4.52, P <0.01). The interaction of motion of anterior flexion, extension, left flexion and right flexion were significant( F=11.62, 8.83, 8.29, 6.57, P <0.05). After 6 weeks, the motion of intervention group had anterior flexion(53.54±7.28)°, extension(57.42±7.37)°, left flexion(40.77±4.14)°, right flexion(85.12± 6.35 )°. The corresponding motion levels of the control group were(45.35±9.55)°,(50.85±7.56)°,(37.19±5.86)°,(76.15±7.86)°. The intervention group was significantly higher than the control group( t=3.48, 3.18, 2.54, 4.52, P <0.05). Main effects on time were observed in neck circumference, right flexion and left rotation motion, neck endurance and head extension angle( F =15.79, 13.94, 35.90, 10.17, 8.61, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Six week neck eccentric training can significantly improve neck strength and range of motion, as well as neck circumference, neck endurance and head forward posture.
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Abstract The evolution of species is inevitably accompanied by the evolution of metabolic networks to adapt to different environments. The metabolic networks of different species were collected from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) website, and some enzyme reactions with the highest occurrence frequency in all species were found and are reported in this paper. The correlation coefficients of whether the enzyme reactions appear in all species were calculated, and the corresponding evolutionary correlation connection networks were calculated according to different correlation coefficient thresholds. These studies show that, as the evolutionary correlation of enzyme reactions increases, the weighted average of the mean functional concentration ratios of the enzyme reactions also increases, indicating that the functional concentration ratio of enzyme reactions has a certain correlation with the evolutionary correlation. The work presented in this paper enhances our understanding of the characteristics and general rules of metabolic network evolution.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Activation , Metabolic Networks and Pathways , Adaptation, Biological , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of IgG4-related Mikulicz disease and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. @*Methods @#Case data from a patient with IgG4-related Mikulicz disease occurring in the submandibular gland and the literature were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results @# IgG4-related Mikulicz disease is a rare autoimmune disease. Its typical features include lacrimal gland and salivary gland swelling, a significant increase in the serum IgG4 level (> 1.35 g/L), and IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration into a large number of pathological tissues. The disease can easily recur. Treatment is mainly symptomatic, including surgical resection and administration of glucocorticoid and other drug treatment. Long-term follow-up is required after the operation. @*Conclusion@#IgG4-related Mikulicz disease has no specific clinical features. The diagnosis relies mainly on pathological examination and serum IgG4 examination. The main treatment methods are surgery and the use of glucocorticoids, which require long-term follow-up.
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The left ventricular radial strain in the inner and outer layers was evaluated by using two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2DS). Twenty-five piglets were studied. The short axis views were acquired. Peak systolic radial strain was measured from 6 circumferential points related to 6 standard segments in the inner and outer layers respectively using 2DS methods. The peak positive first derivative (dp/dt) of left ventricular pressure was compared to the radial strain from 2DS. The inner band showed higher peak radial strain values as compared to the outer band at all of the segments (P<0.0001), but the differences had significance just in anteroseptal, posterior, inferior and septal seg-ments (P<0.05). Good correlation could be found between radial strain of inner and outer layers and peak dp/dt (P<0.001). These preliminary results showed that the degree of local deformation or wall thickening of the ventricular wall in its inner layer was more obvious than its outer layer. It is suggested that the 2DS technique is useful and sensitive for better understanding the regional and global myocar-dial motion and its relationship to the complex architecture of myocardium.